The Kardashev Scale
Nikolai Kardashev · 1964
"A civilization's technological advancement can be measured purely by the amount of energy it is able to harness and utilize."
If we find alien life, how will we know how advanced they are? Russian astrophysicist Nikolai Kardashev proposed a simple scale based on energy consumption: Type I (Planetary), Type II (Stellar), and Type III (Galactic).
A Type I civilization can harness all the energy reaching its home planet from its parent star (we are currently at about Type 0.73). A Type II civilization can harness the entire energy output of its star, likely by building a Dyson Sphere around it. A Type III civilization commands the energy of its entire galaxy.
According to the Kardashev scale, what is the defining feature of a Type II civilization?
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- The Kardashev ScaleBig Think
Dark Forest Theory
"The universe is full of life, but everyone is hiding in absolute silence because revealing your location guarantees your destruction."