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Canonical · Paper

Pre-Mortem

Gary Klein · 2007

"Imagine the failure has already happened. Then explain why."

The idea

Before starting a project, gather the team and say: 'It's a year from now and this project has failed catastrophically. Write down why.' The prospective hindsight unlocks concerns people wouldn't otherwise raise, because it feels safe to describe a failure that has already occurred.

Why it works
The takeaway — recall it first
Further reading

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